Psychiatry

Comprehensive Summary

This study, presented by Testa et. al, looked at how machine learning can be used to identify cross-national predictors of gambling in European adolescents across 28 European countries. Adolescents are vulnerable to problematic gambling and the predictors vary across Europe. For this study a machine learning approach was used to analyze data obtained from the European school Survey Project on Alcohol and other Drugs (ESPAD). A random forest machine learning model was used to identify the strongest gambling predictors among the adolescents. The results found that gambling was acknowledged by 13.74% of the respondents, with boys having the highest prevalence of 11%. The results also found that alcohol use was the strongest cross-national predictor of higher gambling frequency. The results also found that Montenegro had the highest variability with 26.5% of its adolescents reported that they were gambling. Studies like this could help to tailor better, country specific, solutions to address the gambling problem among adolescents.

Outcomes and Implications

Researching the predictors of gambling among adolescents is important, especially as risk factors become more and more common across countries. Doing cross-national studies is also important because when thinking about solutions, the same solution cannot be applied to every country as every country has different predictors that indicate a risk for problematic gambling. The use of a machine learning model was especially important in this study because it can handle the large number of predictors in this study. It also made the analysis of the data much easier as normal statistical models would not be able to handle this type of data and be able to pick out which predictor was the strongest. The machine learning model also made cross-country comparisons easier because it can test whether certain variables can consistently predict gambling or if the variables varied across countries. Machine learning models should be encouraged in future studies of this nature because they can handle many variables at once and can handle complex, multinational datasets.

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© 2025 AIIM. Created by AIIM IT Team