Comprehensive Summary
This literature review by Ansari et al. focused on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) for autonomic neuromodulation in heart failure management. Heart failure can either be characterized by reduced ejection fraction (HRrEF) or preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Although HRrEF has a multitude of treatments, such as medications and devices, HRpEF does not currently have widely available effective treatments. AI has recently become a promising option for HRpEF treatment due to its ability to dynamically adapt to feedback from a patient’s body and determine the best course of treatment. The literature review was performed by searching for studies on neuromodulation, autonomic modulation, and AI integration in heart failure. The results found that neuromodulation has the potential to supplement treatments for heart failure with options including vagus nerve stimulation, baroreceptor activation therapy, spinal cord stimulation, and cardiac contractility modulation. Additionally, AI can aid in patient selection, optimization of device functions, and preventative responses. In conclusion, AI-assisted neuromodulation should be researched further in order to begin implementing it as a reliable treatment for heart failure.
Outcomes and Implications
This literature review highlights the growing role of AI in medicine, particularly in management of neuromodulation. The results demonstrate how AI can significantly improve patient outcomes when combined with neuromodulation targeting heart failure. In the future, this approach to medicine can help provide a more personalized treatment plan that centers on the immediate needs of patients’, taking into account physiological data. To begin implementing this method for treating heart failure, the first steps are to conduct large-scale trials to determine the efficacy of treatments for both heart failure types. Next, creating standardized datasets for AI to use in model building will allow for more effective integration into treatment. After testing AI supported neuromodulation devices in clinical trials and observing the results, they can begin to be developed for more wide-spread production and usage.